When the rotary furnace is used to smelt antimony ore, improving the recovery rate of antimony requires coordinated promotion from three aspects: process optimization, equipment upgrade and operation control.

Process optimization is the core of improving the recovery rate. In the raw material pretreatment stage, the antimony slag needs to be crushed to a particle size of ≤5mm, and coke and lime are added for batching to enhance the reaction activity. During the smelting process, the temperature, atmosphere and residence time need to be strictly controlled. Studies have shown that when the temperature is controlled at 900-1200℃, the volatility of antimony oxide is the highest; the atmosphere needs to maintain a micro-oxidation environment, and the oxygen concentration is controlled at 5-8%; the material residence time in the kiln needs to reach 2-4 hours to ensure sufficient reaction.

Equipment upgrade is the key to ensuring the recovery rate. The rotary furnace needs to have design parameters of an inclination angle of 2-5° and a rotation speed of 0.5-1.5rpm to ensure uniform heating of the material. At the same time, it needs to be equipped with an efficient flue gas treatment system, including a cyclone dust collector, a surface condenser and a bag filter to achieve effective capture of antimony oxide. Among them, the bag filter can further capture submicron antimony oxides, so that the recovery rate reaches more than 95%.

Operation control is the guarantee of stable recovery rate. A real-time monitoring system needs to be established to dynamically adjust the temperature, atmosphere and material residence time in the furnace. At the same time, the equipment needs to be maintained and repaired regularly to ensure its long-term stable operation. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the training of operators to improve their sensitivity and adjustment ability to process parameters.

In summary, through the coordinated cooperation of process optimization, equipment upgrade and operation control, the antimony recovery rate of rotary furnace smelting antimony ore can be significantly improved, and efficient utilization of resources can be achieved, providing strong support for the production efficiency and sustainable development of related enterprises.